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Wisconsin Overtime Laws

Wisconsin has specific wage protections that differ from federal law, particularly regarding compensable time. Under DWD 272.12, Wisconsin broadly defines work time to include travel, waiting, and on-premises time that federal law might not require to be paid. Understanding these rules is key to recovering your unpaid wages.

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Calculate Your Unpaid Overtime

Get an estimate of what you're owed in just 60 seconds. This calculator is based on federal FLSA laws and includes liquidated damages (double your unpaid wages).

How Are You Paid?

$ /hour
hours
Must be your *paid* hours (can be under 40)
weeks
Default is 1 year (52 weeks). Adjust if different.

Did You Perform Work Off-the-Clock?

This includes work before/after shifts, during breaks, or from home that wasn't recorded or paid.

This calculation is an estimate based on applicable labor laws. Your actual recovery may vary based on state laws and specific circumstances.

Wisconsin vs. Federal Overtime Laws

🔑 Key Fact: DWD 272.12 Broadly Defines Compensable Time

While Wisconsin generally follows federal overtime rules (1.5x after 40 hours), DWD 272.12 provides broader protections for compensable time. Wisconsin requires payment for all time on employer premises, certain travel time, and breaks under 30 minutes. These rules often entitle workers to more pay than federal law alone.

Provision Wisconsin Law Federal FLSA Which Applies?
Minimum Wage (State) $7.25/hr (matches federal) $7.25/hr Same
Milwaukee Minimum Wage $12.00/hr (large employers) $7.25/hr Milwaukee (66% higher)
Tipped Minimum Wage $2.33/hr ($2.13 opportunity rate*) $2.13/hr Wisconsin (slightly higher)
Training Wage (First 90 Days) $5.90/hr $4.25/hr (Under 20) Wisconsin (higher)
Overtime Threshold 40 hours/week 40 hours/week Same (1.5x after 40 hrs)
On-Premises Time All time on premises = work time Only if "suffered or permitted" Wisconsin (broader)
Short Breaks (<30 min) Must be paid as work time Only if less than 20 minutes Wisconsin (more generous)
Travel Time (Away from Home) Compensable if outside home community Only travel during workday Wisconsin (may be broader)
Statute of Limitations 2 years (DWD) / 3 years (Court) 2-3 years Similar; court claims may extend
Exempt Salary Threshold Follows federal ($684/week) $684/week ($35,568/year) Same (federal threshold)
Portal-to-Portal (Compensable Time) DWD 272.12 defines broadly (on-premises, travel, waiting) Integral & indispensable test Wisconsin may provide more protection

Common Wage Violations in Wisconsin

⏰ Off-the-Clock Work

Wis. Stat. § 103.02, DWD 272.12.02

Under Wisconsin law, all hours worked must be compensated. Common violations include:

  • Pre-shift meetings, huddles, or safety briefings
  • Post-shift paperwork, cleanup, or shutdown tasks
  • Working through meal periods
  • Answering work emails or calls after hours

DWD 272.12 requires payment for ALL time on employer's premises under the employer's control.

🏷️ Misclassification as "Exempt"

DWD 272.12.04

Being paid a salary does NOT automatically make you exempt from overtime. You must:

  • Earn at least $684/week ($35,568/year)
  • Perform genuine executive, administrative, or professional duties
  • Exercise discretion and independent judgment

"Assistant managers" in retail, restaurant, and manufacturing are frequently misclassified and owed overtime.

🚶 Portal-to-Portal Violations (DWD 272.12)

DWD 272.12.02(2) - Time on Premises

Wisconsin's DWD 272.12 defines compensable time broadly:

  • On-premises time: All time on employer's property = work time
  • Donning/doffing: Putting on required uniforms, gear, PPE
  • Security checks: Bag screenings before leaving
  • Walking time: From clock-in to workstation

Meat processing plants (see Weissman v. Tyson) and warehouses commonly violate these rules.

🚗 Travel Time Violations

DWD 272.12.02(3) - Travel Time

Wisconsin has specific rules for travel time:

  • Travel outside your home community = compensable
  • Travel between job sites during the workday = compensable
  • Travel in employer's vehicle to job site = often compensable
  • Overnight travel that cuts across work hours = compensable

Construction workers, service technicians, and delivery drivers often have travel time claims.

☕ Break Time Violations

DWD 272.12.02(4) - Meal and Rest Periods

Wisconsin has specific break rules:

  • Breaks under 30 minutes = must be paid as work time
  • Meal periods must be "bona fide" - completely relieved of duties
  • If interrupted, meal period becomes compensable
  • Cannot shorten breaks below what's actually needed

Automatic meal deductions while working through lunch is a common violation.

🏭 Manufacturing Overtime Violations

Wis. Stat. § 103.02

Wisconsin's manufacturing sector has high violation rates:

  • Donning/doffing required safety equipment unpaid
  • Line start-up and shutdown time off the clock
  • Waiting time between tasks not compensated
  • Production bonuses not included in regular rate

Food processing plants in particular have faced major class actions over these issues.

Industries with High Wage Violations in Wisconsin

🥩 Food Processing & Meat Packing

Major employers across Wisconsin:

  • Donning/doffing: Required sanitary gear, PPE, uniforms
  • Walking time: From locker room to production floor
  • Knife/tool maintenance: Sharpening equipment unpaid
  • Weissman v. Tyson: Landmark WI case on this issue

🏭 Manufacturing

Wisconsin's industrial base:

  • Safety equipment: Time to put on/remove gear
  • Line startup: Production prep time unpaid
  • Piece rate issues: Not meeting minimum wage per hour
  • Bonus calculations: Not including in OT rate

🏥 Healthcare

Hospitals, nursing homes, and clinics:

  • Automatic meal deductions: Deducted but worked through
  • Shift handoffs: Report time with incoming shift
  • PPE time: Gowning/ungowning for isolation patients
  • On-call restrictions: Required to stay near facility

🚚 Transportation & Logistics

Trucking and distribution:

  • Pre-trip inspections: Vehicle checks unpaid
  • Loading/unloading: Time waiting for cargo
  • Travel to first stop: From home when using company vehicle
  • Overnight away: Travel during normal work hours

🏗️ Construction

Commercial and residential building:

  • Travel time: Driving to job sites in company trucks
  • Tool loading: Preparing equipment before leaving
  • Prevailing wage: Public projects paying below required rates
  • 1099 misclassification: Workers labeled as contractors

🍽️ Restaurant & Hospitality

Tourism and dining:

  • Tip credit violations: Exceeding $4.92 credit limit
  • Side work: Non-tipped prep time at tipped rate
  • Short breaks: 20-25 min breaks not paid
  • Opening/closing: Setup and cleanup off the clock

What You Can Recover Under Wisconsin Law

💰 Unpaid Wages (Including Compensable Time)

Under Wisconsin law, you can recover all unpaid wages including: regular hourly pay, overtime at 1.5x rate, and all compensable time under DWD 272.12 (on-premises time, travel time, short breaks, donning/doffing). The broader definition of compensable time often means larger recoveries than federal law alone.

⚡ Liquidated Damages (100%)

Under federal FLSA (which applies in Wisconsin), you may recover 100% liquidated damages—doubling your unpaid wages—unless the employer can prove it acted in good faith. Most employers cannot meet this burden, so doubling is common.

📅 2-3 Year Lookback Period

Wisconsin DWD administrative claims (Chapter 109) allow recovery for 2 years. However, court-based wage claims may extend to 3 years for certain violations. Federal FLSA allows 2-3 years (3 if willful). The choice of venue can impact your total recovery.

📋 Attorney's Fees & Costs

Under both federal FLSA and Wisconsin law, if you prevail in a wage and hour case, you recover reasonable attorney's fees from your employer. Your employer pays your lawyer separately—fees are not deducted from your recovery. This makes it financially viable to pursue wage claims.

Example: Meat processing worker with 15 min/day unpaid donning/doffing

15 min × 5 days × 50 weeks × 3 years = 187.5 hours of unpaid time

At $18/hr with OT (1.5x): ~$5,000+ in recoverable wages, potentially doubled to $10,000+

How Wisconsin Law Protects Workers Beyond Federal FLSA

While Wisconsin generally follows federal minimum wage and overtime rules, DWD 272.12 provides broader protections for compensable time. These rules often entitle Wisconsin workers to pay for time that federal law might not require to be compensated.

🏢
On-Premises = Work Time
DWD 272.12 treats all time on employer's premises as work time, even if not actively working. This is broader than federal "suffered or permitted" standard.
30-Minute Break Rule
Any break under 30 minutes must be paid as work time. Federal law only requires pay for breaks under 20 minutes.
🚗
Travel Time Protection
Travel outside your home community is compensable work time. Job site-to-site travel during the day is always compensable.
👕
Donning/Doffing Protection
Time spent putting on and removing required uniforms, safety gear, or PPE is compensable under DWD 272.12.
💵
Higher Tipped Minimum
Wisconsin's $2.33 tipped minimum is slightly higher than federal $2.13, with a smaller tip credit allowed.
⚖️
Federal FLSA + State Law
Wisconsin workers can pursue claims under both state and federal law, using whichever provides better protection for each issue.

Nationwide Wisconsin Wage Recovery Team

While Paul M. Botros is licensed in Texas and Florida, we successfully help Wisconsin workers recover unpaid wages through our network of experienced Wisconsin employment attorneys. We partner with skilled local counsel who understand DWD 272.12 and Wisconsin's unique compensable time rules.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is DWD 272.12 and how does it protect Wisconsin workers?

DWD 272.12 is a Wisconsin administrative rule that defines what constitutes compensable "hours worked." It provides broader protections than federal law in several key areas: (1) All time on employer's premises is work time, even if not actively working; (2) Breaks under 30 minutes must be paid (vs. 20 minutes under federal law); (3) Travel time outside your home community is compensable; (4) Waiting time under employer control is work time. These rules often entitle Wisconsin workers to pay for time that federal law alone might not cover.

What is the minimum wage in Wisconsin for 2026?

As of 2026, Wisconsin's statewide minimum wage remains at $7.25 per hour. However, Milwaukee has a local minimum of $12.00/hr for large employers (50+ employees) and $11.00/hr for smaller employers—66% higher than the state rate. For tipped employees, the standard minimum is $2.33 per hour (tip credit $4.92), though workers under 20 may be paid an "opportunity wage" of $2.13 during their first 90 days. If tips don't bring a worker to full minimum, the employer must make up the difference.

How far back can I recover unpaid wages in Wisconsin?

Under Wisconsin state law, you can recover 2 years of unpaid wages for claims filed with the DWD (Chapter 109). However, wage claims filed in court may extend to 3 years for certain wage and benefit violations. Federal FLSA claims also allow 2-3 years (3 if willful). The choice of venue—administrative vs. judicial—can significantly impact your recovery period. An attorney can help determine the best approach for your case.

Is travel time compensable under Wisconsin law?

Under DWD 272.12.02(3), travel time is compensable when: (1) you travel away from your home community (outside the general area where you live and work), (2) you travel between job sites during the workday, (3) you travel in an employer-controlled vehicle that you're required to use, or (4) travel during overnight trips occurs during your normal working hours. Normal home-to-work commuting is generally not compensable, but if your employer requires you to report to a central location then travel to job sites, that travel time may be compensable.

Are short breaks paid under Wisconsin law?

Yes. Under DWD 272.12.02(4), any break under 30 minutes must be paid as work time in Wisconsin. This is more generous than federal law, which only requires payment for breaks under 20 minutes. Additionally, meal periods are only unpaid if they are "bona fide"—meaning you are completely relieved of all duties. If you must monitor a phone, stay at your workstation, or can be interrupted, the meal period is compensable. Many employers violate these rules with automatic meal deductions.

Am I entitled to overtime if I'm paid a salary in Wisconsin?

Yes, in most cases. Being paid a salary does not automatically make you exempt from overtime. To be properly classified as exempt, you must: (1) be paid at least $684 per week ($35,568/year), AND (2) perform genuine executive, administrative, or professional duties as your primary job function. Many workers with titles like "assistant manager," "supervisor," or "team lead" are misclassified. If your primary duties involve customer service, production work, or other non-managerial tasks, you may be entitled to overtime for all hours over 40 per week.

What is portal-to-portal time and when is it paid in Wisconsin?

Portal-to-portal time refers to time spent on work-related activities before and after your core job duties. Under Wisconsin's DWD 272.12, this time is compensable when: you are donning/doffing required uniforms, safety equipment, or protective gear; you are waiting for security screenings or bag checks required by your employer; you are walking from changing areas to your workstation after gearing up; or you are on the employer's premises under their control. Key Wisconsin cases include Weissman v. Tyson Fresh Meats (meat packing) and Piper v. Jones Dairy Farm (2022), both establishing that food processing workers must be paid for this time.

What industries have the most wage violations in Wisconsin?

In Wisconsin, industries with high rates of wage violations include: Food Processing/Meat Packing (donning/doffing PPE, walking time, sanitation gear—see Weissman v. Tyson); Manufacturing (safety equipment time, line startup, production bonuses not in OT rate); Healthcare (automatic meal deductions, shift handoffs, PPE time); Transportation/Logistics (pre-trip inspections, loading time, travel); Construction (travel to job sites, tool loading, prevailing wage issues); and Restaurants (tip credit violations, unpaid side work, short breaks not paid).

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